Table 3

MNL estimation results using self-treatment as the comparison group

Unconditional estimates
 Conditional estimates


Public Providers
 Private providers
 Public providers
 Private providers


βa
 [se]b
 βa
 [se]b
 βa
 [se]b
 βa
 [se]b
Askes
 0.654‡
 [0.101]
 0.125
 [0.141]
 0.511‡
 [0.153]
 0.023
 [0.193]
Jamsostek
 0.512*
 [0.270]
 1.362‡
 [0.187]
 0.314
 [0.377]
 1.086‡
 [0.344]
Askes*Inc
 0.065*
 [0.040]
 -0.014
 [0.049]
 -0.031
 [0.067]
 0.019
 [0.053]
Jamsostek*Inc.
 -0.760‡
 [0.239]
 -0.388‡
 [0.112]
 -0.529*
 [0.286]
 -0.599‡
 [0.228]
Symptoms
 1.955‡
 [0.123]
 2.436‡
 [0.220]
 1.287‡
 [0.176]
 2.704‡
 [0.454]
ADLs limit
 0.257‡
 [0.059]
 0.390‡
 [0.079]
 0.233*
 [0.132]
 0.373‡
 [0.142]
Vgood GHSR







     Good GHS
 0.359‡
 [0.114]
 0.472‡
 [0.148]
 0.372*
 [0.196]
 0.396*
 [0.238]
     Poor GHS
 1.383‡
 [0.126]
 1.698‡
 [0.164]
 1.421‡
 [0.207]
 1.645‡
 [0.251]
Serious-ill
 0.537‡
 [0.073]
 0.847‡
 [0.084]
 0.491‡
 [0.103]
 0.859‡
 [0.126]
Female
 0.604‡
 [0.056]
 0.250‡
 [0.074]
 0.548‡
 [0.100]
 0.371‡
 [0.124]
HHs size
 0.007
 [0.011]
 0.048‡
 [0.013]
 0.003
 [0.016]
 0.023
 [0.019]
Married
 0.644‡
 [0.100]
 -0.198*
 [0.102]
 0.744‡
 [0.169]
 -0.021
 [0.160]
No-schoolingR







     Elementary
 0.089
 [0.080]
 0.372‡
 [0.141]
 0.074
 [0.113]
 0.424†
 [0.177]
     Junior
 0.038
 [0.108]
 0.459‡
 [0.168]
 0.024
 [0.164]
 0.400*
 [0.228]
     Senior
 0.039
 [0.108]
 0.512‡
 [0.164]
 0.000
 [0.164]
 0.606‡
 [0.219]
     High
 -0.343†
 [0.151]
 0.714‡
 [0.185]
 -0.08
 [0.221]
 0.875‡
 [0.259]
Age (years)
 -0.001
 [0.003]
 0.004
 [0.004]
 -0.001
 [0.004]
 -0.004
 [0.005]
Ln. income
 0.069*
 [0.039]
 0.431‡
 [0.051]
 0.038
 [0.059]
 0.380‡
 [0.077]
Electricity
 0.495‡
 [0.083]
 1.144‡
 [0.198]
 0.368‡
 [0.126]
 0.919‡
 [0.248]
Ln. travel-cost
 0.026‡
 [0.009]
 0.027†
 [0.012]
 0.024*
 [0.013]
 0.055‡
 [0.018]
Ln. travel-time
 0.004
 [0.003]
 0.003
 [0.004]
 0.001
 [0.005]
 -0.002
 [0.006]
Urban
 -0.384‡
 [0.061]
 0.193†
 [0.084]
 -0.377‡
 [0.092]
 -0.002
 [0.124]
Region:JakartaR







     Sumatra
 0.324‡
 [0.119]
 -0.264†
 [0.127]
 0.05
 [0.172]
 -0.575‡
 [0.185]
     West Java
 0.314‡
 [0.118]
 -0.053
 [0.117]
 0.280*
 [0.170]
 0.129
 [0.164]
     Central Java
 0.242†
 [0.121]
 0.163
 [0.122]
 0.183
 [0.180]
 -0.082
 [0.188]
     East Java
 0.516‡
 [0.130]
 0.578‡
 [0.137]
 0.365*
 [0.200]
 0.552‡
 [0.206]
     Bali & WNT
 0.825‡
 [0.127]
 0.301†
 [0.144]
 0.483‡
 [0.180]
 0.149
 [0.196]
     Kalimantan
 0.692‡
 [0.149]
 -0.902‡
 [0.256]
 0.576‡
 [0.211]
 -1.261‡
 [0.368]
     Sulawesi
 0.604‡
 [0.151]
 -0.490†
 [0.236]
 0.441†
 [0.219]
 -0.649*
 [0.338]
Constant
 -7.121‡
 [0.504]
 -13.031‡
 [0.686]
 -5.766‡
 [0.793]
 -12.365‡
 [1.081]
N
 16,485
 5055
Pseudo R2
 0.144
 0.118
Wald Chi-sq(58)
 2308.17; sig. 0.000
 782.78; sig. 0.000
Hausman test
 16.7 (omitted-public), p-val = 0.98
 1.18 (omitted-public), p-val = 1.00
IIA: X2 (30)
 13.1 (omitted-private), p-val = 0.99
 5.11 (omitted-private), p-val = 1.00
Small-Hsiao
 41.7 (omitted-public), p-val = 0.08;
 18.3 (omitted-public), p-val = 0.95
test IIA: X2(30)
 16.5 (omitted-private), p-val = 0.98
 34.1 (omitted-private), p-val = 0.28

aThe estimated parameters β; superscript ‡,†, and *significance at 1%, 5%, and 10% level, respectively.

bRobust standard errors given in [brackets].

RReferences (omitted groups).

Hidayat Cost Effectiveness and Resource Allocation 2008 6:15   doi:10.1186/1478-7547-6-15

Open Data